Language Condition in Former SFRY
By On July 28th, 2011Serbia and Montenegro appeared the public title of the nation as of February 4, 2003, because of the evolution of transformation of the country formerly known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest part of the dissolved SFRY and consists of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Inside Serbia, there are two quasi-independent provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the supervision of the UN since 1999. Linguistic politics and manipulations of the history, official standards and names of different languages took an important role in the number of ethnical unrests that took place from 1990 to 1999 and it is yet a super sensitive issue in the total area of the Balkans. Quality Italian translation
The official language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the territory of Serbia without Kosovo, or 88% of the inhabitants); an equal judicial status is given to both the Cyrillic and the Roman spelling, although the latest is favored by Serbian state administration. Less spread languages, which are also in official use in the regions where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census info of the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Serbia, approximated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 speakers), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority tongues are used at all levels of education: in primary schools, gymnasiums, and at technical schools and universities. The first linguistic effect of the political and ethnic vulnerabilities of the 1990s is that the language that previously was officially named Serbo-Croat has received a number of new nationally and politically grounded titles. Thus, the titles Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnianare politically determined and refer to the same tongue with acceptable slight changes. The language has two major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, in general, Ekavian is spoken more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken to the large extent in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these dialects do not coincide with the nationally motivated titles.
The linguistic map in Kosovo is less clear now, as about 300 000 refugees from this province, mostly Serbs, are still on the stage of returning to their places. This fact makes the numbers of speakers reported unpredictable. Today, according to the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The rest of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translation service
The title language of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are modern developments to introduce the name Montenegrin, either parallel to or as a replacement to the term Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the one language that used to be called Serbo-Croat, and is rather a matter of political decisions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Montenegro demonstrate that about 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as speakers of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and approx. 3000 speak either Croatian or Romany.